Ancient Civilizations Essay - 495 Words

#1 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A pattern that was common among the ancient civilizations of China, Rome, Greece, Mesopotamia, Egypt, and India was that most of them started as a dictatorship, a monarchy, or a dynasty. Eventually, most of them changed to a democracy, republic, or to class systems. Almost all of the civilizations had one or two great leaders. For example, Egypt had King Tut, Greece had Alexander the Great and Rome had Julius Caesar. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;China has had many different leaders through the years. Dynasties, or a series of rulers from the same decent, ruled this government. Some of the most powerful dynasties were the Shang, Zhou, and Qin. These dynasties and many others ruled from the times of 1500†¦show more content†¦The Athenian government evolved from a monarchy into an aristocracy. A monarchy is when a King or Queen exercises central power. In Greece, the government was headed by a privileged minority or upper class, which ruled his or her own city-states. They created a system based on the right of each individual citizen to speak out about issues. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;India was an ancient civilization that had many rulers and empires. The first rulers were the Harappans. They ruled from 3500 BC through 1500 BC. The Aryans took over the Harappan empire around 1500 BC. Then, Alexander the Great came and took over control of India. After ruling for only a couple of years, he died. A few years later the Mauryan Empire took over. Next was the Ashoka. Finally, the Guptas ruled from 320 BC through 535 AD.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The last two civilizations were Egypt and Mesopotamia. Rulers of Egypt were called Pharaohs, and Mesopotamia had a class system wherein the highest class was the rulers. Besides the ruling families, the high class also included leading officials, and high priests. The small middle class had merchants, artisans, and lower priests. The majority of the people were at the bottom and were peasant farmers. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;These are the ancient civilizations and what their governmentsShow MoreRelatedAncient Civilization Of Ancient Civilizations2605 Words   |  11 Pagesevent or celebrate or revere a person or God. Mayan stelae monuments are monuments that were fashioned by the Maya civilization of ancient Mesoamerica. They consist of tall sculpted stone shafts and In ancient Maya society, cosmological beliefs encompassed all aspects of life and integrated individuals into a unitary worldview and culture. Inspired by their beliefs, Mayan civilization created some of the most intricate monuments, decorated in colors and hieroglyphics that depicted important imageryRead MoreAncient Civilizations : Compare And Contrasting Ancient Civilizations804 Words   |  4 PagesContrasting Ancient Civilizations Most people believe that all ancient civilizations were the same: they all lived with a steadfast loyalty to their one and only king that ruled all of the lands, civilizations only achievements were monumental buildings, and they vacuously attacked neighboring societies to gain more land for millennia. While some of this knowledge is true to an extent, civilizations accomplished an abundance more than some realize. Some fail to register that early civilizations are uniqueRead MoreThe Ancient Civilization1622 Words   |  7 Pagesadvanced civilization is perhaps the most intriguing story of all.To understand what causes great civilizations, it is vital to note the process of collapse in other civilizations, such as the great Roman Empire. Differences in time period, geographical landscapes, and other circumstances mean no direct correlations are possible, but the outstanding point of similarity is that no single factor accounts for a large civilization s collapse. One similarity betw een these two civilizations is the processRead MoreMayan Civilization : Ancient Civilizations1314 Words   |  6 PagesMayan Civilization The mayan civilization was one of the earliest civilizations that occupied areas that are today known as Guatemala, Northern Belize, and Mexico. The mayan civilization lived through what is known as the Classic Period. Their culture began about 250 C.E. and ended near 900 C.E. While most of the population lived in what is present day Guatemala the population of the mayans rose from 5,000 to almost two million people near the end of the Classic Period. Although the mayans are knownRead MoreThe Differences Between Ancient And Ancient Civilizations1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe different civilizations around the world all have different religions and beliefs. Some may be derived from a past culture and some may be thought up on their own, but they all have a way of doing things regarding their religion. From sacrificing food for their gods, praying to their gods, and building temples in honor of the gods, a civilization can have many different ways to worship the gods and remain devote d to their religion. The three specific religions from the Sumerian, Egyptian, andRead MoreThe Civilizations Of Ancient Civilization1178 Words   |  5 Pages Civilization, derived from the latin word â€Å"civis† meaning â€Å"citizen†, or simply someone who lives in a city. However, what is the difference between a group of people who live in a town and our modern concept of civilization. To find the answer to that question we can turn to the civilizations of ancient times. The beginning of civilization as we know it began in the Neolithic era. This era began with a very distinct change to the way of life, from the old way of migrating constantly to whereverRead MoreEssay on Ancient American Civilizations635 Words   |  3 PagesAncient American Civilizations Cultural development can be separated into three categories of increasing intellect and complexity. Tribal is the lowest form of civilization, Chiefdom the intermediate level, and finally the state level, which represents the highest form of civilization in Ancient America. The tribal band represented the basic primitive level of civilization. In Ancient America, the tribal level was a loose association of bands or villages. TheRead MoreThe Mayan Civilization : Ancient Civilization1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mayan Civilization: For many centuries the Mayan was of life was a mystery to archaeologists. Their geography, social structure, government, economy/trade, technology, writing, and arts were all thought to be forever lost. Now, as archaeologists are still uncovering more information, what was once referred to as â€Å"The Lost Civilization of Maya†, has been awakened from the grave of unknown. Geography: The ancient Mayan Civilization surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean stretchedRead MoreAncient Civilizations And The Egyptian Civilization1403 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam McNeill, author of A World History, is in accordance with the belief that ancient civilizations who were in constant contact with conflict and war could develop a more advanced system of law, bureaucracy, and market prices. By that logic, Mesopotamia would have been far more advanced than Egypt. For example, Mesopotamia frequented attacks from barbarians because of the lay of the land. They also had trouble controlling war between centers of industry due to the inevitable struggle with theRead MoreAncient Egyptian Civilization : Ancient Civilization930 Words   |  4 PagesThe ancient Egyptian civilization is one of the oldest known civilizations in history. It is believed that the ancient Egyptian civilization, based in eastern North Africa, started around 3150 B.C., and survived until 31 B.C. I n this ancient civilization, art was considered to be magical. Whether in the form of painting, sculpture, carving or script, art held the power to maintain universal order and grant immortal life by appealing to various gods to act on behalf of people, both in life and in

Week 1 Submission Essay - 1132 Words

Homework (100 points) Part 1 Create the tables from demo.sql script Download and Copy the demo.sql file from the Doc Share to the C:\temp directory. At the sql prompt enter the command @V:\temp\demo.sql. This will create some tables and insert data into them. View the script in notepad to determine the table names that were created. Use the describe command to view the structure of the tables. Please use the template below to provide your solutions. Write SQL statements to solve the following requests. Question (4 pts per question) | SQL statement or answer | 1. List all employee information in department 30. | SELECT * FROM emp WHERE deptno = 30; | 2. List employees name, job, and salary that is a manager and†¦show more content†¦Show the employee name, salary, commission, and the total of salary and commission. Be sure you evaluate null values correctly. | | 13. Write an SQL query that retrieves data from the COURSE table for courses that cost 1195, and whose descriptions do not start with ‘Intro’, sorted by their prerequisites in descending order. | SELECT COURSE_NO, DESCRIPTION, COSTFROM COURSE WHERE COST = 1195, DESCRIPTION != INTRO%, PREQUISITES DESC; | 14. Write an SQL query that retrieves data from the STUDENT table for students whose last names begin with â€Å"A† though â€Å"T† and who work for ‘Competrol Real Estate’, sorted by the last names. | SELECT * FROM st udent WHERE (WHERE last_name LIKE [A-T]) AND employer = Competrol Real Estate; | 15. Determine which student does not have the first letter the last name capitalized. Show the STUDENT_ID and LAST_NAME columns. | SELECT student_id, last_name FROM student WHERE SUBSTR( last_name, 1,1 )= SUBSTR (LOWER (last_name), 1,1) | 16. Check if any of the phone numbers in the INSTRUCTOR table have not been entered in the (###)###-#### format. Show the instructor last name and the phone number that is in the incorrect format. | Select phone, last_name from instructor where translate (phone, 0123456789,##########) lt;gt; (###)###-####; | 17. Write an SQL statement that uses the CAST function that converts a number datatype to a varchar datatype. | | 18.Show MoreRelatedCourse Activity : A Case Study Of Students1088 Words   |  5 Pageshours, then on Saturdays of 35.48 hours, last on Tuesdays of 32.25 hours. The main areas the X, Y, Z students are engaging is the Content folders, Discussio ns 1 2, and e-Activities. The highest weeks of student’s engaging in the LMS were in Week 4 and Week 5. The main areas the students did not engage were in Career insights, Week 3 and Week 6 shows they were low in Discussions, Assignments, e-Activity, and Content folders. Equally important, these students were actively using the LMS on TuesdayRead MoreOverview Of A Case Study1054 Words   |  5 Pageshours, then on Saturdays of 35.48 hours, last on Tuesdays of 32.25 hours. The main areas the X, Y, Z students are engage is the Content folders, Discussions 1 2, and e-Activities. The highest weeks of student’s engaging in the LMS were in Week 4 and Week 5. The main areas the students did not engage were in Career insights, Week 3 and Week 6 shows they were low in Discussions, Assignments, e-Activity, and Content folders. Equally important, these students was actively using the LMS on Tuesday,Read Moreis3110 project1391 Words   |  6 PagesProject Part 1 % Grade 8% Project Part 1 Task 1: Risk Assessment Plan Week 1 Week 2 4% Project Part 1 Task 2: Risk Mitigation Plan Week 1 Week 3 4% Project Part 2 Project Part 2 Task 1: Introduction and Business Impact 8% Week 3 Week 4 4% Project Part 2 Task 2: Business Continuity Plan (BCP) Week 3 Week 5 2% Project Part 2 Task 3: Computer Incident Response Week 3 Week 5 2% Week 1 Week 6 9% Analysis Plan Team (CIRT) Plan Risk Management Plan Final Submission DeliverablesRead MoreMgt 300 Module 3 Leadership and Teams891 Words   |  4 Pagesthe following two assignments to complete this week. Do not do both assignments. Identify your assignment choice in the title of your submission. Leadership and Teams – Theoretical Leadership Models Synthesize the topics of leadership and teams by crafting an essay in which, using supporting materials, you assess the theory and practice of leadership as it relates to teams. In your critical essay, address both of the following items: 1. Describe and explain how one leadership model (aRead More200336 Business Academic Skills 2011.1 Essay Instructions (50%)900 Words   |  4 Pageshas been learnt throughout the entire semester. Details Due Date: Length: Week 14 Workshop and online (Turnitin) 1200 words Based on the Learning Portfolio assessment, write a 1200 word academic essay addressing the following question. Students should include six (6) to ten (10) scholarly references which include at least three (3) of the Five Required Resources found on vUWS in the Assessment Tasks sub-folder called Week 14 - Essay, as well as any other references that may help them support theirRead MoreEssay on Acc 504965 Words   |  4 Pagesproject at the end of Week 5 and the final, completed project at the end of Week 7. Using the financial statements for Oracle Corporation and Microsoft Corporation, respectively, you will calculate and compare the financial ratios listed further down this document for the fiscal year ending 2011 and prepare your comments about the two companies’ performance based on your ratio calculations. The entire project will be graded by the instructor at the end of the final submission in Week 7, and one gradeRead MoreComparative Analysis of Kohl and J.Cpenny Essay9 09 Words   |  4 Pagesend of Week 5 and the final completed Project at the end of Week 7. Using the financial statements for Kohl’s Corporation and J.C. Penney Corporation, respectively, you will calculate and compare the financial ratios listed further down this document for the fiscal year ending 2010 and prepare your comments about the liquidity, solvency and profitability of the two companies based on your ratio calculations. The entire project will be graded by the instructor at the end of the final submission in weekRead MoreSupply and Demand and Academic Honesty Policy Essay1057 Words   |  5 PagesGE273: Project PROJECT DESCRIPTION This project has three parts, namely Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3. Project Part 1 Introduction: Different economic studies estimate the price elasticity of demand for certain goods, some of which are reported on page 176 of the Hubbard/O’Brien textbook. The following table presents select elasticity of demand estimates from those reported on page 176. Product Barnes Noble books Coca-Cola Cigarettes Beer Gasoline -4.00 -1.22 -0.25 -0.23 -0.06 Estimated Elasticity Read MoreCourse: Financial Ratios and Ratio1201 Words   |  5 Pagesend of Week 5 and the final completed Project at the end of Week 7. Using the financial statements for Oracle Corporation  and Microsoft Corporation, respectively, you will calculate and compare the financial ratios listed further down this document for the fiscal year ending 2011 and prepare your comments about the liquidity, solvency and profitability of the two companies based on your ratio calculations. The entire project will be graded by the i nstructor at the end of the final submission in weekRead MoreProject Management Models973 Words   |  4 PagesExercise 4 1. Hamilton Country Parks is planning to develop a new park and recreational area on a recently purchased 100-acre tract. Project development activities include cleaning playground and picnic areas, constructing road, constructing a shelter house, purchasing picnic equipment, and so on. The PERT/CPM network shown below is being used in the planning, scheduling, and controlling of this project. D 2 A 9 1 6 3 4 H 6 C E 0 I 6 7 3 Activity time in weeks B 6 3

Private and Public Police Free Essays

Private and Public 1. Relationship between Private and Public Police Lillie Johnson CJS 250 Gregg Herchek April 11, 2010 Private and Public 2. Abstract In my paper I will be discussing the relationship between private and public police, I will tell you how the conflict regard the definition of the public and private space and how it influence the relationship between the two, and I will tell you ways to maintain or improve the relationship between public and private police. We will write a custom essay sample on Private and Public Police or any similar topic only for you Order Now Public and Private 3. In the relationship between private and public police, private police are different. Private officers do not work for us; but they do offer their services for corporations, they basically focus on the corporation that hired them. Private police has three times more than public police does. The private police care less about the due process, civil rights, and the public safety. â€Å"Private police dwells on the protection, immediate deterrence, and commercial enforcement†. Private Security and the Law, 2004). â€Å"Private police have become the most fast growing industries† (Zielinski, n. d. ). Businesses and corporations must hire their own private guards. Private police may be used in certain situations where the public police may have the skills to carry out the job. For example in New York, the private police from the agency went to a place and the private police paid for services, then they brought about affidavits explaining what they had do ne. After that was done then this was a cause focusing on the place to close. Being that these polices was not being honest and they did not represent themselves in the way they should have they was prosecuted for illegal acts. Public police are employed through local towns while private police works for companies. On the other hand, the public police are sometime charged with protecting the citizens and the cities and they have jurisdictions. Now you have a few public police that will overstep their bounds, but I believe only if they feel threaten, but if not then the headquarters are responsible to the public. In each city, public and private police has different ways of relating. Public police help members of communities to help bring about complaints against the private security, but I believe this is only done if something is done wrong. Public police was established back in colonial times and succeeded until the eighteen hundreds. The public police are considered local, state, or federal and their duties are the safety and welfare of the public. Private police has the right to carry a gun, and they also have the right to search and arrest anyone whom they feel has committed a crime†. (Cramer, 2010). Majority of the communities feel that the private police cares more about trying to please their employer than protecting the public, but I believe that they are only doing what they was trained to do. It is certain quality that only allows the private police to do so much. To the average citizens private officers looks like a real police but they do not have the powers to do what a r eal police do. Public police comes with a lot of work, they are trying to protect and serve. I do believe it is hard trying to keep criminals off the streets without enough of force; they can not be everywhere at one time. Private police has the same authority as the city police. Private and Public 4. Conclusions I believe ways to maintain or improve the relationship is to have public meetings where all the force are there and discuss the ways they are similar and how each of them have certain responsibilities. In the article from what I understand private and public police are presented with what is called, â€Å"us versus them† mentality and both are doing their best to protect us no matter if they are private or public police, they are doing what they was trained to do. I also believe that once the public and private police have their meetings they should have one for the community, listen to their views and become their friends and they will probably feel safe calling them if needed. Then the private and public police will know how and what to do to help the community, this to me I believe will help make more room for improvements. Public and Private 4. References Cramer, M. (2010). Police Lend Ear to Worried Tenants. The Boston Globe. Retrieved from Http://www. boston. com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2010/04/01/html Http://web-mit. edu/gtmarx/www/private. html Schneier, B. (2007). Schneier on Security. Retrieved from Http://www. schneier. com/private-police. html Zielinski, M. (n. d. ) Armed and Dangerous: Private Police on the March. Convert Action Quarterly. Retrieved from Http://mediafilter. org/caq/CAQ54p. police. html How to cite Private and Public Police, Papers

Analysis and Design of Distributed Pair Programming System

Question: Create a Systems Analysis and Design (SAD) portfolio for either a real or fictional small business entity (SBE) or non-profit organisation (NPO) by presenting a comprehensive SAD report? Answer: Introduction Wiggle ltd is an e-retail company of UK that sells bikes and sporting goods. This company was started with a small independent bike shop and later on spread their business with online accessories. The e-commerce business of Wiggle ltd has become a leading supplier company who supplies to triathlon, running and cycling. It is a good brand for the accessories of the car, cycling and the gyms of the modern cultures. A turnover report of 140 in 2012 is noticed in the Wiggle ltd and the growth of near 20percent of global economy has occurred. The best market of the Wiggle Company regarding to the growth of economy was noticed in Asia, Europe and Australia (Stewart, 2011). There are about 70 million visitors and about 3 million orders dispatches in the year of Olympic. There are several sites of Wiggle in the server and also several advertising sites. The products of the company available in the online shop are such as bikes, shoes, audio equipments, bags, books and other accessories of th e cars, cycle and gyms. As an e-retailer company there are several requirements in case of expanding their business in the field of online business. In case of expanding the business, they need to provide new and modern products to the customers. The company required to review their products and also if possible renew them. The feedback of the customers is required to collects in time to time and should apply those feedbacks and make new products according to those requirements. The company should require targeting the market needs and focusing on the products and services to the customers. Also the company required to focus on the revenue that are generated in the past years and present years and required to compare those ratios to estimate the further cost structure. Wiggle planned to modify their products of bicycle accessories and seek new growths. Customers required high quality products as they worry more about their health then the parts of the cycles, bikes and cars and also the do not compromise their products with costs. Wiggle became UKs largest online bicycle seller company for the last few years but also it is required to make some changes according to the needs of the market to keep growing. They are required to collects the all the feedbacks of the customers from the social networking site as it is the best place to get the feedback (Stewart, 2011). Company should implements new technologies to extract the information of the customers for further growth. To successfully handle the data of the business in the wiggle company, it is required to implement the big data and the cloud system in their operational system. Communication Building and Information Gathering For the successful data handling, company required to make different plans in their business strategy. In case of gathering different information of the customers, stakeholder and the employees of the company, it is required to plan an effective communicative workflow and a data workflow in the business. Communicative workflow is required to analyze and design the business process in the virtual world i.e. in the online business. To build the communication plan it is required to interact with the customers and the employees of the company. The feedbacks of the customers are required to collect and the best ways of gathering the customers feedback is from the social network sites. Company can use the big data technology in their business to extract information of the customers from the social sites (Tian, 2012). It is also essential to instant reply to the customers queries in the companys sites. The interaction with the customers can be done through the emails, SMS and messaging syst em. Also it is required to plan the workflow of data in the business to keep track the requirement of the business time to time. The data workflow can be plan from the information of the present products and the products that are to be required to manufacture in the business. It is required to keep track of all the information of the products that are sold in the past years and the products that are to be manufactured in the present years. Also the maintenance of the records regarding to the manufactured products and the demand of the customers are required. The ratio of the dataflow of the past and the present years should be noted. It will help to estimate the cost and the types of products that will required in the future. To design the system successfully, it is required to collects all the information of the communicative workflow and the data workflow in the business (Tian, 2012). This information will help the organization to calculate the past performance of the company and also to estimate the future requirements of the company. Cloud system can use in the system of Wiggle company to store the information of the different workflow of the business. It can also used to store the information and the feedback of the customers so that there will be no problem in extracting any of the information anytime from anywhere. Trust management Thrust management is very essential in the companies to secure the internet policies of the company. The security system should be maintained in the wiggle ltd in case of accessing the data from the internet. Standard and the general purpose mechanism should be provided to specify the credentials and the security policy applications. There five basic components of the trust management system: Actions Actions are the operations that are required to control the security of the company in the e-retail business. As all the information of the products and the services are provided in the internet, there should be a strong security system to protect the internal information of the Wiggle Company from other competitors (Shelly and Rosenblatt, 2012). Also there is information of the regular customer of the company which are required to be secure otherwise the trust of the customers will be break from the organization. Principals The Wiggle Company should identify the principals of the company that are required to authorize the taken actions. The security system provided in the server of the company should be managed by the IT specialist of the company. The https security should be implemented in the server so that nothing can be hacked (Schirner, 2013). Only the information of the products and information related to the products should be available in the website. None of the internal information should be provide in the server. Policies Policies should be maintained to authorize the principles of the wiggle company. The investigation should be done to know the requirements of the customers which are required to provide in the websites. The information provided in the server should be according to the investigated results. Credentials All the actions, principals and the policies that are to be taken should be done with the advice of the trustees (Park and Rim, 2012). If the actions are approve by the trustees then only it should taken. The principals should be authorized only if it meets the requirement of the customers. Compliance checker The task of the compliance checker is to determine the actions that are requested by the principals and are required to be handled. They are also responsible for polices needed to be taken and to set the credentials (Leva et al., 2012.). Wiggle Company required following all the requirements of the company along with the requirements of the customers regarding to the products and the services of the organization. In the e-commerce business of the Wiggle Company, the approaches of the trust managements are very essential in case of maintaining the security policies of the server of the organization. The trust management has great advantages in the mechanism of the authorization control in the Wiggle Company. System Security Analysis and Design It is required to analyze the security system that can be implemented in the business of the Wiggle Company. Before implementing new security system it is required to determine the current security of the system and find the gaps that are presents in the existing system. The security of the server of the company is required so that no one can steal the internal information of the products and use it in other organization (kumar, 2014). It will provide a bad impression to the customers of the company. Also in the e-commerce business, customers are required to pay for the products online. There should be a proper security to the information of the debit card and the credit card numbers of the customers so that they should not face any problem regarding to their account in future (Killingsworth, 2011). The system should be design so that all the internal data regarding to the information of the customers and the information regarding to the data of the company and the products can be secure. The information of the products should be schedule which contain when the product should be implemented, manufactured and will be ready to release in the market. Investigate: An investigation is done regarding to the requirements of the customers. Information: Gather the information of the customers interest about the products and the new fashion of the market. Design: Implement the information to design the products. The design should be implementing to produce the product (Glover et al., 2010). Manufacturing: After designing of the products, manufacture is started. All the requirements of the customers should be implements in the manufacturing of the products. Implementation: After manufacture, the products are implemented in their server. The advertising is done in the websites of the company. Feedback: The feedback of the customers should be collected from the social site and the comments that are provided by the customers in the company websites. Also along all these step it is also required to make a proper schedule of the products, time and the cost of the production (Du, 2012). The Wiggle Company should get the feedback of the customers from the sports and the Olympic Games that are recently completed and get the information about their products that are used in the sports. Also the company is required to maintain a data storage policy in their business. They are required to store the past data and compare the ratio of the past data with the present data to estimate the future requirements. Also the duration of the maintenance of the products should be calculated (Dou, 2010). The products of the Wiggle Company such as bikes, cars and their accessories should be regularly maintained according to the requirements of the customers. Figure: Communication Process in Wiggle Company Self-Reflective Commentary In the e-retail business, the creation of the SAD portfolio is very much essential to improve the business of the company. I have to search several site and also do many question to the employees and the managers of the company to get the information of the products and the services of the company. The lists of the products that are manufactured in the Wiggle ltd Company are gathered from the shopping websites of the company (Diniz, et al., 2010). Also the comments of the customers are collected from the many other site of the company to get the feedback of the customers. After finishing the projects, I though the project is successful. I succeeded in searching all the information of the company and produce the portfolio. The project can be helpful for the other e-retail business also who are willing to enhance their products throughout the world. Also I think that the project can be made more prominent by direct questioning to the customers and the employees of the company. It will provide me more information about the company business (Dennis, et al., 2012). If I will get one more chance to do the project then I will do all the required parts that I cannot do in this assignment. Also I will gather the feedback from the customers by questioning them through their social networking sites and will use that information in my work. Conclusion In this particular assignment it is cleared that to provide a system analysis and design to the Wiggle ltd it is required to investigate about the interest and the requirements of the customers from the information that can be gather from the social sites and the comments posted on the websites (Chiang, et al., 2011). The e-retail business required to make strong the security system of the company. Also it is required to integral the internal data of the company and schedules the requirements of the e-business of the Wiggle Company. Reference List: Chiang, R., Siau, K. and Hardgrave, B., 2011. Systems analysis and design. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. Dennis, A., Wixom, B. and Roth, R., 2012. System analysis and design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley. Diniz, P., Da Silva, E. and Netto, S., 2010. Digital signal processing. New York: Cambridge University Press. Dou, W., 2010. Analysis and Design of Distributed Pair Programming System. IIM, 02(08), pp.487-497. Du, Q., 2012. The Analysis and Design of Internet Course Teaching System for Operation System. AMM, 239-240, pp.1637-1640. Glover, J., Sarma, M., Overbye, T. and Padhy, N., 2010. Power system analysis and design. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. Killingsworth, W., 2011. Design, analysis, and optimization of supply chains. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press. kumar, V., 2014. Design and Performance Analysis of Optical Transmission System. IOSR Journal of Engineering, 4(5), pp.22-26. Leva, A., Maggio, M., Papadopoulos, A. and Terraneo, F., n.d. Control-based operating system design. Park, Y. and Rim, M., 2012. Factors Analysis Affecting Success of RFID Implementation. The Journal of Korea Information and Communications Society, 37(2C), pp.157-167. Schirner, G., 2013. Embedded systems. Berlin: Springer. Shelly, G. and Rosenblatt, H., 2012. Systems analysis and design. Boston: Course Technology Cengage Learning. Stewart, G., 2011. Well test design analysis. Tulsa, Okla.: PennWell. Tian, Y., 2012. Frequency-domain analysis and design of distributed control systems. [Place of publication not identified]: IEEE Press.

Microecconomic Concepts in the Garnett Company

An organization is referred to as a collective entity of people, methodically controlled and administered to congregate a want or to follow combined objective on an ongoing basis. All organizations do have a basis of management that give each of the participant a role in the running of the affairs in order to hit the set objectives (Robert, 2006).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Microecconomic Concepts in the Garnett Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In other words an organization can also be termed as a group of persons working together to meet some set goals. They work within a time limit which they set depending on what they want to achieve. However an organization does not necessarily have to be a legal entity. Before getting started the members must lay down their plan of what they have in mind and then come up with ways of hitting their target (Tribe, 2005). Although an organization is made up of peo ple with varied opinions and ideologies, they must first put away all their differences and work as one body if they are to reap fruits out of their work. In this regard each member should not feel superior to the other as this would hamper oneness in the organization. An organization also calls for openness and in this case nothing related to the organization should be done without alerting any of the members (Ison, 2007). If anything is done behind scene that indicates that the organization is not open to some of its members. Garnet is a UK based company that deals with manufacturing of papers which it sells locally and exports the surplus. Through the exports it becomes one of the major sources of revenue for the government of UK. It also houses many workers ranging from those working with the machines to the financial officers of the company. Garnett Company has been able to produce varied looks of the product that is not only attractive to customers but also friendly to the env ironment (Robert, 2006). It has been in existence producing high quality papers as from two hundred years. The company all along has been in a position to come up with different kinds of paper products which include; files, donation wraps, folders as well as present bags. The highest number of the company’s products is prepared from fibers that have been recycled. It is through its proper management that the company has made it to be a dynamic sector serving the whole region as well as making it to possible to bring in ways of meeting their customers demands.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the recent past the company has opened operational sites in different nations in the world and this has made it remain competitive and unbeatable (Friedman, 2009). Its success can be attributed to its committed workers and its workers are not only UK nationals but also from vari ed nations in the world. This has also made it possible for the company to market its product in many nations making it realize huge revenue hence able to undertake its operations. Market structure elaborates the condition of the market as well as the level of antagonism between the consumers and the producers. There are also various markets structures that are major and they include; monopolistic competition, monopoly as well as oligopoly kind of competition. Garnett Company falls under the monopolistic kind of competition (Friedman, 2009). This is due to the reason that it experiences stiff completion from such similar companies in UK that produce similar kind of product. Some of the industries that produce papers in the region include; Cotek papers, Clegg Papers Limited, Institute of Paper, Printing and Publishing as well as James Cropper. These industries have posed much competition to Garnett since they produce the same kind of products which serve the same purpose to the natio n though some have a slight change in their produce making it hard for the company to sell its produce. For instance, some companies like Aylesford Newsprint produce the best quality kind of papers which can be recycled hence [posing a stiff completion to Garnett industry as people regard the product from Aylesford Newsprint as more of good quality as well as due to the fact that the materials can be recycled (Brittion, 2006). Despite the fact that the company produces similar products they express their differences by the manner in which they finally present their product to their consumers. For example an industry may opt to make paper products of varied colors as well as with different textures. The companies have lowered the demand of the papers made by Garnett industry. Despite the fact that there is competition in the paper products produced in UK the nation have experienced great advantage as the costs of the products have gone down as well this have led to the companies maki ng products which are of higher quality. Due to this reason, the company has introduced external markets to the outside nation since in the outer region the level of demand of its products is higher. The management of any given kind of a trade is expected to ensure that the field yields maximum profit so as to meet the set goals of the field. This therefore calls for the supervisors to come up with ways of ensuring that all the means of production are utilized so as to bring in significant results at the end. The management also ought to have the skills that are helpful to the firm by ensuring that the financial income is equivalent to zero for the firm to be considered to be making profit (Friedman, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Microecconomic Concepts in the Garnett Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Business environment refers to either internal or external factors that affect the day to day op erations of a firm. The internal business environmental is factors that the business is in a position to control on its own. Some of these internal factors affecting Garnett Company in UK include workers as well the sources of the raw materials that the company use in making its products. The external business environment refers to the aspects that indirectly affect the business operations but the business has no control of. Some of the examples of external factors compose of the government, suppliers, competitors’ consumers, as well as the technological factors. Garnett Company has made it to control its worker hence making it to meet its targets. The company is locally as well as internationally based thus the management works in taking a close supervision of its workers thus enabling the organization to make profits despite the high level of competition in the region. This is one of the reasons why the company has made it to compete with other companies that produce better as well as products of higher quality. In addition to this, Garnett Company has also made it to completely utilize the technological factors that are available in UK hence efficiency resulting to high quality products thereby creating high demands for its goods which make the company to take the largest share of the available market. This is one of the reasons why Garnett Company is able to market its paper products throughout the region as well as internationally that are outside UK. Another environmental factor affecting business operation in Garnett Company is the government. The company has faced much stress coping with the taxation since this one of drawbacks in the operations by the company. The level of taxation has made the company to go down in its activities as the money utilized meeting the government quest. Though the company has so far excelled in marketing its products the government has interfered in its operations thus, causing more problems to the company’s selling rate of its paper products. Garnett Company has also been able to utilize another external environmental factor that is the consumers (Brittion, 2006). It has been able to achieve this by providing high discounts on its products to its potential consumers.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This has resulted to it attracting more consumers hence making it to fit in the selling field despite the fact that it is full of competitors. From the huge profits the company gets has also enabled it to offer after sales services for example, transport of goods on behalf of the consumers hence attracting more consumers. In conclusion, the government ought to take control of all the factors that interfere with the business operations in a given region. This would work to improve the organizations activities hence smooth running of such businesses like Garnett Company. References Brittion, W, 2006, Business Environment, Financial Times, Prentice Hall. Friedman, D, 2009, Principles of Microeconomics, The Age Melbourne. Ison, Wall, 2007, Economics, Talbot Adair Press, Guildford, UK. Tribe, J, 2005, Economics of Recreation, Leisure and Tourism, Free Press, New York. Robert, A, 2006, Microeconomics and Behavior. McGraw-Hill, University Press. This essay on Microecconomic Concepts in the Garnett Company was written and submitted by user Mattie Hewitt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The character of Thomas Jefferson Essays - Thomas Jefferson

The character of Thomas Jefferson Essays - Thomas Jefferson The character of Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson: The Man, The Myth, and The Morality Thomas Jefferson was a man of the greatest moral character who has been excoriated routinely over the last 30 years by historical revisionists and presentists. His commitment to America and his vast contributions to the framing of society as it is today are overlooked in favor of base analysis of his character that, while not flawless, is that of a morally upright person who has deeply held convictions and lives by them. Jefferson was born to a prominent family of Virginia tobacco growers. Plantation life is based largely around the work of slaves, so Jefferson was surrounded by them from the time of his birth in 1743 until the day he died. One of the harshest criticisms of Jefferson comes from the fact that, while he vehemently opposed slavery, was indeed a slave owner himself. As historian Douglas L. Wilson points out in his Atlantic Monthly article Thomas Jefferson and the Character Issue, the question should be reversed: ...[T]his was of asking the question... is essentially backward, and reflects the pervasive presentism of our time. Consider, for example, how different the question appears when inverted and framed in more historical terms: How did a man who was born into a slave holding society, whose family and admired friends owned slaves, who inherited a fortune that was dependent on slaves and slave labor, decide at an early age that slavery was morally wrong and forcefully declare that it ought to be abolished? (Wilson 66). Wilson also argues that Jefferson knew that his slaves would be better off working for him than freed in a world where they would be treated with contempt and not given any real freedoms. Another way that Thomas Jefferson shows his moral character is in his most famous achievement, the drafting of the Declaration of Independence. This document is probably the most important document in the history of the United States, and one of the most important in the history of the world. Jefferson writes that all men are created equal and argues that every man has the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Jeffersons document shows not only his strongly held beliefs in freedom, but his acceptance of and belief in the views of the Age of Reason. He believed himself to be a person who was doing what was morally right, not for the fame that would eventually accompany it. In fact, he didnt want to write the Declaration to begin with. In 1776, the song Not Me, John shows how Jefferson was pushed into doing it, despite the fact that he would have actually rather gone home to see his wife. When nobody else would do it, he acquiesced and agreed to write it. His quote, What will posterity think we were demigods? Were men no more, no less (1776), shows how as a contemporary of such philosophical greats as Voltaire and Mill, he did what he did because it was what needed to happen not in any way, shape, or form because he wanted to be remembered as a demigod, a status he actually had anyway, according to Wilson, until the 1960s. Another thing that Jeffersons character is criticized for and blown out of proportion is his liaison with a slave, Sally Hemings. Historian Fawn Brodie argues that it was not scandalous debauchery with an innocent slave victim, but rather a serious passion that brought Jefferson and the slave woman much happiness over a period lasting thirty-eight years. True, their affair started when she was only 14 years old, but to criticize this is terribly presentistic. In colonial times, especially in the middle and southern colonies, girls were married off between the ages of 13 and 16; it was not considered defilement and abuse like it is today. In fact, his relationship with Hemings could actually be considered to be a positive thing for him on two fronts: Since she was 52 when he died, Jefferson obviously did not lust after her solely on a physical basis; also, he promised his wife when she died that he would not remarry. He fulfilled his promise only because he found a woman to love whom he was not expected, indeed not allowed, to marry. This is a weak front on which to criticize Jefferson. Given Jeffersons contributions to American society, it is almost impossible to find him to be morally weak and coarse. Those who do are presentists, cynics, and nay-sayers who are simply looking

Colorado Plateau Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Colorado Plateau - Essay Example Colorado plateau covers an area of 140,000 square miles and it extends in four states of USA i.e. Utah, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico. River Colorado drains this area. It is unique as it has very less vegetation cover so whole rock strata are exposed as a rare example. Another interesting fact is that Colorado Squawfish is nearly six feet in length. Before I started reading this book, I had all this prior knowledge about Colorado topography and Geology, but never in my life had I paid attention towards the social life fabric in Colorado. The book thus linked my knowledge of Geography and Geology to sociology and the study of culture and history of this region. The experience of reading this book differs a bit from the reality. In the present day Colorado, in comparison, a lot of the things have changed. The way of living of people from Colorado has changed a lot over the passage of last few decades. The book mentions the era of late 19th century when America as a whole and Colorado region in particular was dependent upon primary economic activities. When I looked it up on the internet to find some interesting pictures of the region, I realized that life has changed a lot in this region by now. The beauty of Colorado plateau has always attracted me. Having a natural love for nature and especially of the rugged look and interesting Geology of this region, the book attracted me a lot. It is a land of exceptional wild beauty. High relief and less vegetation cover due to arid climate is the prominent feature of this area. Most of the rock structure of Colorado plateau is made up of sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks are mostly formed under sea water. It means that Colorado plateau was formed due to upliftment about 15 million years ago. Weathering by wind and erosion by fast moving water has resulted in the distinctive topography of this plateau. With my interest in Geology and topography of the

Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing Essay

Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing - Essay Example Various functions of the business can be outsourced. The function which are most popular in outsourcing are IT functions, customer care, human resource, financial functions, marketing function etc. Nike the famous sports accessories company had outsourced the work of manufacturing shoes to countries like India and China as this will reduce the cost is an example of outsourcing. Off shoring is also a type of outsourcing. When a company outsources its work to other companies which are situated in different countries is known as off shoring. The main off shoring companies are Price Waterhouse Coopers, HSBC, TCS, Wipro, IBM, Capgemini, Genpact etc. the various type of outsourcing are business process outsourcing, knowledge process outsourcing, finance and accounting outsourcing, legal process outsourcing, human resource process outsourcing etc. Outsourcing has resulted in increase in the number of employment. The process of outsourcing mainly consists of four stages they are 1) identifyi ng whether outsourcing is required by the company 2) identifying and selecting the activities which can be outsourced 3) developing the contract 4) delegating the authority to the service provider so that the working can be smooth. The contract contains mainly three things they are the price at which the service will be provided, the legal terms and condition and the service level agreement. Outsourcing can be done by function, region and industry. 2. Growing Importance of Outsourcing With every passing day outsourcing is becoming popular. As per a study conducted by Capgemini more than 70% of executives think that in today’s competitive world outsourcing is important for survival. About 70% executives feel that savings made by outsourcing can be used for growth and 60% feel that flexibility can be achieved through outsourcing. Companies in manufacturing sectors prefer outsourcing more than the companies in service sector. The decisions of outsourcing are taken after assessin g the profitability and companies, ability to grow. Companies who do outsourcing can invest their savings for future growth and innovation. Thus these companies are in better position than the companies who do not do outsourcing as they can save less than the former ones (Brady, 2011). Outsourcing helps the company not only to save money but also to achieve expert service. The firms who do the outsourced work have the human resource who are specialised to do that particular work. In this way the company can utilise expert skill that to without making any capital investment. Thus through outsourcing companies achieve reduction in cost as well as quality service. This is the main reason of growing popularity of outsourcing. Outsourcing is becoming a major business activity which has the potential of becoming an industry. In figure 1 we can see the growth of outsourcing in different sectors. As per the figure about 61% of outsourcing is done in software development, 58% in website and e- commerce, 55% in hosted application, 53% in disaster recovery service and 32% in data centre operations. The use of outsourcing has been increased most in software development organisations. There is almost 14% increase in outsourcing in website and e-commerce sector. The second largest increase in outsourcing is in hosted applications sector. In help desk activities there is no decrease in outsourcing. Thus one can find that every sector is involved in outsourcing. The activities outsourced ranges from

Gay Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Gay Rights - Research Paper Example son of Florida Citrus Commission and also widely known for her best selling pop albums had lent a strong voice against gay activism and protested by stating that the prevalence of this movement was seriously hampering her basic right as a mother and creating impediments in the â€Å"moral atmosphere† that is considered right for the children (Gillian 127). There are enormous reasons for several divisions of opinion among people regarding same sex marriage although they have not been placed with substantiated doctrines or principles that would suffice the purpose of abandoning such marriages. A majority of anti gay activists have not been able to cite any other reason than the principles of the Holy Bible and their perceptions have centered on the fact that same sex marriage challenges the order of God, which is being counter challenged by the gay people who have repeatedly stated that those who have put forth their opinions may not be fit or able-bodied for defying the rights of homosexuals. As a matter of fact, such decisions must be taken by those who are able to envisage gay rights with reason and common sense according to the gay rights activists. On the other hand, the research studies of Regenurus took a different path than the previous studies conducted on same sex marriages. This research was based on a sample of young America n adults and compared with a group that was biologically intact. The parameters that were intended to be measured through this research included crime rates, tendency of sexually transmitted infections and drug addiction. The result of this study was quite disappointing as most of the young adults whose fathers were involved in same sex relationship were more likely to take drugs than others. The girls with lesbian mothers were four times more prone to thrive on public help than the children of normal biological parents or even single mothers (Ponnuru 29). Despite the studies that reveal such thwarting reports, gay activists have

Examining The Significance Of The Crucible English Literature Essay

Examining The Significance Of The Crucible English Literature Essay The significance of the title The Crucible is that it relates to the characters in the play because of the views of the society at the time. It relates to the characters John Proctor, and many others. In the play, John is put to a severe test during many occasions because of his belief and what he thinks is right. Also, the dilemma between his sin (Abigail) and what he could to make things right again with Elizabeth. John is put to a test while choosing to lie and live or die with self respect. As Giles Corey chooses to not say anything and die because he doesnt want to lose his land and his greed. The play and the movie The Crucible are extremely alike because most of the lines are same and how well the characters are portrayed. There are not much difference except the vulgarity in the movie between John Proctor and Abigail Williams. As John recites his belief in god while he is getting hanged shows that he does belief in God and that these events that have been proceeding are mere revenge against the people in town. Between the endings of the play and the movie, I prefer the ending of the movie because it reveals the true nature of people which is that many innocent people are getting killed and it makes that realize that these events shouldnt be taking place and something must be done about it. John Proctor foils Reverend Hale because like John Proctor Reverend Hale is honest man and believes in what he think is right. At the beginning of The Crucible, John is man who has fears and is vague but at the end of the play he ends up finding decency and is confident about his decisions. While Reverend Hale in the beginning is a convinced and positive about his beliefs. At the end of the play, he asks John to lie for him to save his life, before he used to speak of the truth about God but now he has become confused. I do not think that John made the right decision to end his life rather than choosing to stay alive and lie. He made a selfish decision on his behalf, he had many people to think about before choosing to end his life. It is very much permissible to lie and live, people do it everyday to survive for themselves and their loved ones. We are heroes of our self and our loved ones everyday because of the things we do for them each day. A parent has to think of his or her child before choosing to end their life because they have bought someone in the world who is very vulnerable and needs guidance and it is their responsibility to take care of them until they are of age to take of their own children. Though John has taken such a crucial and hasty decision, Elizabeth could have saved him. She could have said many things to change Johns mind. Although, Elizabeth wasnt a good wife to John, she could have done something before he could choose to end his life. Through the last line of the play, it seems as Elizabeth forgot to remind herself that its not just him in his life but many others with his, and it is not right for him to make a decision of himself even though he had a committed a sin. In the last scene between Elizabeth and John, they discuss about her pregnancy, their children, and whether he should confess or not. and sadly they say their regrets and Elizabeth expresses forgiveness because of her resentment, coldness and disputes that she had expressed and lead on in their marriage.   As John cries to her, I would have your forgiveness, Elizabeth, to forgive for his dishonesty towards her, Elizabeth reacts by saying, I have sins of my own to count, to express that she regrets for being so cold to him all this times.   At this point, John declares that he will confess to get his life, but chooses not to go through with it because his name will be in vain.   He hastily decides to tear up the paper and is sent to die.   Sexual repression is a start of sins of their and the start of sins of others. Miller is saying that John Proctors infidelity plays a significant role in the novel. Persecuting people as witches is an opportunity for the repressed members of Salem society to publicly proclaim both their own sins and the sins of others. Sexual desire was frowned upon in Puritan society. There are many other motifs that are involves such as prejudice, reputation, accusations, and confession. A work of art can change many things such as how a person looks at the world, people and themselves. After reading this book I have come to realize that many people are very religious and look at the world in various perspectives and can sacrifice themselves for goodness. A psychology book has changed my outlook of the world because I have learned things that are reachable but I have to work on it. This play has not changed my life although I have gained much knowledge of the people during the puritans. An American movie of The Crucible wasnt made until 1996 because many people might have still believed in such things as witch do exists or might have feared of such things, such as many people who still believe that these things still exists. Many people are devotees of god and they dont want to go against that and believe that are such as things as god but not as mere symbols of good and evil. So, they decided not to make a movie but instead play because they didnt know how it would turn out and what people would think of it, since McCarthyism was still in process at the time. A: I do believe that many people rely so much on what is happening outside of their world that they forget to look what it is about that is so much significant. They forget their soul and their divine self. This has been taking place since the start of the human society and this book is a proof of it. The witches are an example of the society that they used to live and during this time period we are living the same way its just that our focus in on a different thing. B: I do not believe in this quote because I do believe that I have gained something from reading this piece of literature. C: I do not believe that that the true issue is of repressed sexuality although that is how Miller sums it up to be because it is about revenge and ones character. D: I very much agree with the expert of this quote because this person explains the true nature of it is the people and their desires.

Alice :: essays papers

Alice Do you know Alice? The character in Go Ask Alice is a fifteen years old girl who became addicted to drugs and unfortunately dies because of it. She is from a high middle class family. Her father is college professor and her mother stays home and takes care of the kids. The girl thinks she is stupid and cannot measure up with her parent’s expectations, she is not happy with herself. The way that she looks or thinks and feels She is not confident. The girl in this book suffers from low self-esteem. The girl in Go Ask Alice is very confused. In a way she knows what is right and what is wrong for her, but on the other hand, she feels that she is mixed up. When she, without her knowledge, became addicted, she was suffering from low self-esteem that is why she felt so good about using drugs She became addicted when her friends gave her some LSD laced Coca Cola at a party. She describes it as â€Å"beautiful†. Many times she decided to give it up but unfortunately there were always something like friends, family and her low self-esteem that brought her back to the drugs. There are many reasons why the girl in this story takes drugs. First of all, and most important one, is her low self-esteem. She uses drugs because by using it, she forgets who she is and what weaknesses she has. Second, her parents especially her mother is nagging constantly at her. She can’t accept her for who she is, and she always compares her with her siblings. The father is more caring but he is always busy and doesn’t have enough time to spend with her. Her siblings aren’t friendly; at least that is what she thinks. Another reason is that she tries to fit in, so when one of the girls, the one who she was wishing to be friends with invites her to the party, she jumps on the invitation and that is where she used drugs for the first time The friend was from a rich family, and during the school years didn’t pay attention to the girl in this story, but now she wants to go to that university where the girls father works, so by inviting the girl in Go Ask Alice she tries to make connection Unfortunately, today lots of kids in their early age become addicted to the drugs.

Code of Ethics in Malaysia

Rev. : 0 Date : 9. 8. 2005 BEM/RD/PPC/12 BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO CODE OF ETHICS FOR YOUNG ENGINEERS Serial No: 0021 INTRODUCTION The Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) has, from time to time, received enquiries and complaints from the public about the conduct of engineers in relation to the Registration of Engineers Act. BEM has, therefore, produced the guidelines herein that outline the conduct expected of engineers. These guidelines are set out under a number of broad areas relating to the engineering profession.Do's & Don’ ts 1) Registration Under the Registration of Engineers Act 1967 (Act 138) and subsequent amendments, the most recent being year 2002, it is a requirement of the Law that any person providing engineering services be a qualified person and registered with the Board of Engineers Malaysia. This requirement extends to foreigners who are required to seek registration as Temporary Engineers. The Do’ and Don’ s ts below relate to the requirement of thi s Act. DO's 1. 1 An engineering graduate with accredited engineering degree must register with the Board of Engineers to take up employment as an engineer DON’ Ts 1. 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1. 5 An engineer should not be the Submitting Person for designs beyond his/her area of competency An engineer should not endorse his PE Stamp and sign on reports or plans not prepared by him. (see also Consultancy – 2. 3 of Don’ ) t An engineer should not enter into partnership with any party not permitted under the Engineers Act. An Engineering Consultancy Practice should not provide professional services in any branch of engineering where none of its directors are registered to practise in that branch of engineering. An engineer must not practise in the branch of engineering he is not registered in. ) Consultancy In the Registration of Engineers Act 1967 (Revised 2002), provision is included for the registration of Accredited Checkers and the requirement of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) beginning year 2005. DO's 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 2. 6 2. 7 2. 8 2. 9 An engineer should be transparent and receptive to peer review or checking of his work if requested/required by the client/authorities. A checker engineer must be open to the views and design concept of the original designer and in areas of disagreement, the checker must give justification for his disagreement.A checker engineer should take full responsibility for the checking of the work himself. An engineer should undertake continuing professional development to enhance his knowledge and capability. An employer engineer should ensure that his employee engineers are bona fide engineers registered with BEM. An engineer should report unethical practice to BEM. An engineer who is a Submitting Person must ensure the accuracy of and be responsible for all works delegated to others by him. An engineer should make optimum use of manpower, materials and money.An engineer should be aware of Government r equirement to use local materials, wherever possible. DON’ Ts 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 2. 6 2. 7 2. 8 2. 9 A checker engineer should not accept checking of work not within his area of competency as well as work that he is not familiar with. An engineering consultant should not carry out projects for fees below the minimum outlined in the scale of fees. An engineer should not endorse any work not performed and/or supervised by him. An engineer should not supplant another engineer.An engineer should not compromise on public safety. An engineer should not offer his opinion on engineering matters unless he has full facts to support the opinion. An engineer should not base his design on unsubstantiated data, for example designing foundation without soil investigation. An engineer should not have any conflict of interest whatsoever in connection with the work he is undertaking unless prior approval from BEM and client are obtained. An engineer should not accept work outside his reg ular work without the expressed permission of his employer. 1 3)Supervision The supervision of works designed by the Submitting Engineer is a requirement under the Uniform Building By-Law 5 (UBBL 5). This ByLaw states that supervision must be provided by the Submitting Engineer to ensure that the works carried out are as intended in the design. Delegation of supervision is permitted but the responsibility of this supervision still rests with the Submitting Engineer. DO's 3. 1 3. 2 3. 3 3. 4 3. 5 3. 6 An engineer who is the Submitting Person should be responsible for the project regardless of whether it is self-supervised and/or delegated supervision.An engineer must be meticulously proper and correct in certification of works. An engineer must be familiar with and knowledgeable in the work he is to supervise. An employer engineer shall ensure that his staff undergoes regular and proper skills-training. An engineer supervising a project shall keep proper records of all documents and correspondence pertaining to the project. An engineer must be conversant with time and cost implications in the issuance of any instruction. DON’ Ts 3. 1 3. 2 3. 3 3. 4 3. 5 3. 6 An engineer must not over or under certify progress of works.An engineer must not make wrongful certifications. An engineer must not certify work not within his expertise. An engineer must not accept site supervisory staff who are not qualified or are incompetent. An engineer must not delay approvals without justification. An engineer must not intentionally delay inspection of works. 4) Regulatory Requirements All engineers registered with the Board of Engineers Malaysia must be familiar with the requirements of the Registration of Engineers Act 1967 (Act 138) and its subsequent amendments. Ignorance of the requirements of this Act is no defense in the Courts of Law in Malaysia.DO's 4. 1 4. 2 4. 3 4. 4 An engineer should notify the relevant authorities (within reasonable/statutory time limit) on chan ges in designs or withdrawal of services. An engineer should submit completed forms in time for inspection and approval for Certificate of Fitness / Certificate of Completion and Compliance. An engineer should be aware of environmental, health and safety matters during and after construction. An engineer should ensure that environmental, health and safety measures are implemented as per drawings and specifications.DON’ Ts 4. 1 4. 2 An engineer should not allow works to proceed before plans are submitted to and/or approved by the relevant authorities. An engineer should not undertake a project for which the client is not going to fulfill statutory requirements. 5) Code of Ethics All engineers are expected to uphold the integrity of the profession by behaving in a manner expected of him in the Code of Conduct of Engineers. DO's 5. 1 5. 2 5. 3 An engineer must be conversant with the Code of Conduct of Engineers.An engineer must understand the need for responsibility and liabilit y as stipulated in the Code of Conduct. An engineer must respond promptly to complaints and enquiries by clients /authorities. DON’ Ts 5. 1 5. 2 5. 3 5. 4 An engineer should not solicit/ tout. An engineer should not knowingly mislead the public by giving misrepresented information so as to gain commercial advantage/mileage. An engineer should not respond to an open advertisement to bid for provision of professional service if such provision for the service requires bidding fees or equivalent as is usually imposed on contractors.An engineer should avoid favoritism among vendors and other suppliers. These guidelines are by no means exhaustive and will be updated from time to time to reflect the changing needs of the profession. All engineers are required to be fully familiar with the Registration of Engineers Act 1967 (Act 138), and its subsequent amendments, and the Code of Ethics. The requirements of this Act are to be upheld at all times by the engineering profession. 2

The Twenty Years War essays

The Twenty Years War essays The Thirty Years War was a series of European conflicts that lasted from 1618 to 1648. The battles were mainly fought in Germany. The struggle was initially based on the religious conflicts among Germans by the Protestant Reformation, but it was later influenced by other issues, including dynastic rivalries. There were four periods in the war. The Bavarian Period (1618-1625). In 1618, in Bohemia (now the Czech Republic and then part of the Holy Roman Empire) there was a Protestant Rebellion against the Habsburg Monarchy that ruled there. The Bohemian Slavs had traditionally been against the Holy Roman Empire, as previously seen in the Hussite Wars of the 15th century. The rebellion was quickly put down by Catholic forces (namely the Holy Roman Emperor-Ferdinand II) who wiped out Protestantism in Bohemia through forcible conversions and the activities of militant Jesuit missionaries. However, the Thirty Year War didn't end at this phase because outside forces kept it going. Protestants, particularly in Germany, identified with the Bohemian rebellion, and united against the Holy Roman Catholic Emperor Ferdinand II. Danish Period Denmark and its Protestant king, Christian IV, believed that as Protestantism was wiped out in Bohemia, Ferdinand II would then try to do the same thing in the Holy Roman Empire, particularly in Germany. So, Christian IV sent troops into Germany in support of the Protestant cause and also in the hopes of expanding Danish power. King Christian remarked: We are here to defend Protestant liberties. If by Gods will, we should gain some territory, so be it. Christian XI' s Protestant armies were decisively beaten by the Catholic imperial army led by Albert of Wallerstein, a mercenary general who had fought for Ferdinand in the Bohemian phase of the war. It was at this point in the war that the Holy Roman Empires Catholic forces were at the peak of their power, and throughou ...

Rock Island Union Prison

Rock Island Union Prison In August 1863, United States Army began construction of the Rock Island Prison. Located on an Island between Davenport, Iowa and Rock Island, Illinois, the prison was designed to house captured Confederate Army soldiers. The plan was to build 84 barracks with each one housing 120 prisoners along with their own kitchen.  The stockade fence was 12 feet high. There was a sentry placed every one hundred feet with only two openings to get inside. The prison was to be built on 12 acres of the 946 acres that encompassed the island. The First Prisoners In December 1863, the yet unfinished Rock Island Prison received its first prisoners who had been captured by General Ulysses S. Grant troops during  the Battle of Lookout Mountain,  in Chattanooga, Tennessee. While the first group numbered 468, by the end of the month the prison population would exceed 5000 captured Confederate soldiers, some of them also having been captured at the Battle of Missionary Ridge, Tennessee. Temperatures were below zero degrees Fahrenheit in December 1963 when those first prisoners arrived. The temperature would be reported as low as thirty-two degrees below zero at times during for the rest of that first winter.   Disease and Malnutrition at Rock Island Since the construction of the prison was not completed when the first Confederate prisoner’s arrived, sanitation and disease, especially a smallpox outbreak, were issues at that time.  As a response,  in the spring of 1864, the Union Army built a hospital and installed a sewer system which helped improve conditions inside the prison walls immediately, as well as ending the smallpox epidemic. In June 1864, Rock Island Prison severely changed the amount of rations that prisoners received due to how Andersonville Prison was treating Union Army soldiers who were prisoners. This change in rations resulted in both malnutrition and scurvy which led to the death of Confederate prisoners at the Rock Island Prison facility. During the time  that Rock Island was in operation, it housed over 12,000 Confederate soldiers of which nearly 2000 died, but although many claim that  Rock Island was comparable to the Confederate’s Andersonville Prison from an inhumane standpoint only seventeen percent of their prisoners died compared to twenty-seven percent of Andersonville’s total population. In addition, Rock Island had enclosed barracks versus the man-made tents or totally being in the elements as was the case in Andersonville. Prison Escapes A total of forty-one prisoners escaped and were not recaptured. One of the largest escapes occurred in June 1864 when several prisoners tunneled their way out. The last two were caught as they came out of the tunnel and another three were caught while still on the island. One escapee drowned while swimming across the Mississippi River, but another six successfully made it across. Within a couple of days, four of those were re-captured by Union forces but two were able to completely elude capture. Rock Island Closes The Rock Island Prison closed in July 1865 and the prison was totally destroyed shortly thereafter.  In 1862, the United States Congress established an arsenal on Rock Island and today it is our country’s largest government operated arsenal that encompasses almost the entire island. It is now called Arsenal Island. The only remaining evidence that there was a prison that held Confederate soldiers during the Civil War is the Confederate Cemetery where approximately 1950 prisoners are buried. Additionally, the Rock Island National Cemetery is also located on the island, where the remains of at least 150 Union guards are interred, as well as over 18,000 Union soldiers.

The Implementation Of The Localism Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

The Implementation Of The Localism Act - Essay Example In the United Kingdom, there is a remarkably high demand for social housing. Local authorities have had long waiting lists for individuals who intend to have access to social housing.2 Many individuals considered for social housing are those with a high vulnerability to becoming homeless. Therefore, the local authorities conduct reviews of all applicants and identify the situations of applicants that qualify them for accommodation.3 For many years, social housing has served to prevent homelessness in the United Kingdom. The introduction of the Localism Act allows local authority property owners to define new terms of fixed tenancies. Fixed tenancies offer the flexibility that defines the private rented sector.4 Opponents of the Localism Act have argued that the law will bring about positive changes, motivating individuals to take in for social housing to work hard and become homeowners. On the other hand, there are increasing critics who do not support the Localism Act, highlighting that it may present more cases of homelessness as well as anxieties and uncertainties of expiring fixed tenancies.5 This paper will critically analyse parliaments move to diminish the security of tenure of local authority tenants to the level provided by the privately rented sector. The emergence of social housing in the United Kingdom was a venture towards helping workers to upgrade from poor quality private rented homes to the remarkable housing at cheaper rates. Social housing began in the early 1970s, and it has exhibited remarkable growth to play a critical role in low-income families.6 The shift from providing accommodation to workers to a needs-based approach seeks to reduce homelessness. In 2014, social housing accounted for about 17% and 24% of the residential areas in England and Scotland respectively.

Medical Error Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Medical Error - Research Paper Example However, hospitals and medical practitioners have consistently showed unwillingness to perform their side of the bargain by making medical error disclosures and apology promptly and in a proper way. The hospital and the individual physicians who operated on Ms. W violated disclosure laws, requiring proper and constant revealing of information concerning treatments and their impacts on the patients to the principal (Gallagher, 2009). Apology laws were also broken. In addition, the organization failed to implement an internal reporting system for critical incidents as required by health regulations; this would have resolved the error before the patient could make contact with her attorney (Pozgar, 2013). In light of these breaches to the law, the hospital is vicariously liable for the medical error committed by its staff. The medical doctors are also liable in their personal capacities for their failure to observe patient safety. As Pozgar (2013) said, the provider failed to adhere to the ethical rules of informed consent, non-maleficence, justice, truthfulness and honesty. The hospital failed to provide the patient with a prompt, detailed confession of the medical error and a genuine apology followed by compensation. Such response could have improved her trust in the hospital and the medical staffs (Gallagher, 2009). This is especially true considering that in most cases, patients and their families regard disclosures as a bold step towards providing sufficient care and that cases of medical error are human. If the provider had observed the ethical rule, the patient would have been more relieved emotionally and. In addition a more effective follow-up treatment plan would have been achieved in a better way. As Gallagher (2009) noted, the ethical failure defined the provider’s hesitant release of information about the error to the family, possibly out of fear that they could initiate legal proceedings against the hospital and the staff for

From job interview to promoting a business how effective is marketing Dissertation

From job interview to promoting a business how effective is marketing yourself - Dissertation Example In both situations there are certain things that are important to do. I would like to study how effectively marketing yourself works in both situations. 2. Focus for the Study My research topic is the importance of marketing yourself in a job interview or in promoting a business. One of the first things that people say when you are reading books on this topic is that everyone should become a networker both online and offline. Tara Hunt, author of the book, The Whuffie Factor, states that online networking is essential to gaining more business or to find a job. She explains that "whuffie is the residual outcome-the currency of your reputation" (4). She goes on to say that you can build it or ruin it based on what you do in the community and what people think about you. This is one way to look at marketing yourself because you are putting yourself or your business into the public eye and you want to make sure that people see you in the best light. John Milton Fogg adds more focus to th is discussion because he tells people through a story, that networking is about building relationships. If you build solid relationships by helping others, they will in turn help you. Networking seems to be the most effective way of marketing yourself. ... The new way of networking is to know what someone needs and let them know your skills and abilities and how you can help their company (74). This method seems to be very important because you have to know your own skills and abilities before you can tell someone else about them. Networking is not the only aspect of marketing yourself. Jim Kukral states that people must understand they must think "out of the box" when marketing a business. This means that people must become very creative and find ways of marketing that others have not found (62). In other words, this will set them apart from others in their field. He continues that successful business people understand that they must get someone to react to something they do in order for them to pay attention (65). In other words, if you are opening for a job interview or creating a business, you have to do something different to get people to pay attention. Personality place a large part in marketing yourself because some people have stronger personalities than others. Paul Tieger and Barbara Barron-Tieger suggest that by understanding your own personality type, you can make better decisions about a job or a business and how it will work with your personality. Marketing yourself through your personality does have validity because people seem to hire people they like who can do their job. The Home Shopping channel is one example of how businesses market themselves in this arena. They have to do something different in order to set themselves apart from the other types of businesses like them in order for people to want to buy their product. Susan Berson, a lawyer specializing in finance, states that marketing is important to business because it helps people find current clients who can later provide

Market Segmentation Essay Example for Free

Market Segmentation Essay A definition of market segmentation is groups of potential buyers that have two things in common, similar needs and a reaction to the marketing strategy. (Kerin, 188) There are four different segments to the market. They are geographic area, demographic focus, psychographic referring to lifestyle and behavioral which refers to where the person makes purchases, what they are looking for, how often they shop, and their reason for purchasing. Kerin, 193) A definition of target market is one or more groups of consumers that a company uses for purposes of market focus. The five criteria for selecting a target segment are, market size, growth expectation, competitive position, cost associated with reaching the segment, and compatibility with the objectives and resources of the organization. (Kerin, 198-199) where a target market is groups selected for company focus, market segmentation is used to divide potential buyers into more specific groups. The statement, â€Å" Sometimes a firm can achieve a key differential advantage by simply emphasizing how its offering satisfies existing consumer demands/desires and needs better than its competitors† can be very true in that a company can use what is already known about their customer base to identify their products best focus group. Companies can use this advantage to instill positive feeling about their products to their already existing customer base as well as competitor clientele. A marketing strategy called product repositioning can help a company to change the importance or usefulness of a product in a consumers mind in comparison to a competitor product. A company will use head to head positioning (pg. 202) in order to compete with suppliers of similar products. An example of this type of positioning is Pepsi vs. Coke. These two companies sell soda that the attempt to convince theirs and the opposing companies customers of buying. An example of a company, product, and positioning strategy is Splash Lagoon Water Park in Erie, PA. This company operates as an indoor water park resort type facility and serves mostly families with young children. They offer entertainment such as water slides, a wave pool, arcade, and laser tag. Their value to the consumer is advertised through television, internet, direct mailings, and word of mouth. They have nearby a competitor in Castaway Bay Water Park, which is owned by Geauga Lake, located in Ohio. Both of these companies offer similar product offerings and amenities. Splash Lagoon uses a head to head marketing approach in offering competitive rates, coupons, group discounts, and hotel accommodations much like that of its Castaway Bay competitors. Referring to the concept called managing the product life cycle, the statement, â€Å"Sometimes demand patterns must be modified for consumers to perceive a firms product differentiation as worthwhile. † This is seen in a variety of products offered from many different companies. Many companies will attempt to re-gain a consumers interest in a product or line by changing the formula or offering a different look for the packaging. Often times the familiarity of a certain product to a customer can cause them to overlook it when new and more appealing products enter the market. Many companies also add other products from their line in combination with a product to increase brand recognition. An example of a modification in managing the product life cycle is the Mr. Clean Magic eraser. The product has a very large consumer popularity. There are now many other companies manufacturing the same type of product and offering it for a lower cost. The Magic Eraser was improved by the company by giving several different options available. The original brand product is still available in addition to larger versions of the same product, multi pack options, and recently marketed a bathroom specific eraser product containing Febreeze cleaning solution to increase consumer interest.

Michael Moores Roger & Me Essay -- Documentary Films General Motors E

Michael Moore's Roger & Me Roger & Me is a documentary film chronicling the workings of one of the world’s largest corporations, General Motors, as it nearly turns its hometown of Flint, Michigan, into a ghost town. In his quest to discover why GM's management and board of directors would do such a thing, filmmaker Michael Moore, a Flint native, attempts to meet the chairman, Roger Smith, and invite him out for a few beers up in Flint to "talk things over." Moore is the son of a Flint autoworker and a whole family of autoworkers. Roger & Me examines how Moore's hometown of Flint is affected when General Motors closes down a series of factories in order to set up production in Mexico. The town is devastated, economically and spiritually, because GM was practically the only game in town - the city was built around GM. Since 1983, car sales had steadily risen and GM has posted record profits of nearly $19 billion. So why lay off all of these people? Moore points out that he and his friends were raised on the American Dream which promised that if you worked hard and the company you worked for prospered, you would prosper, too. Now, it seems GM's board of directors has changed the rules: you work hard, the company prospers- and you lose your job. Roger & Me shows that capitalism is not always consistent with this American Dream. Roger & Me shows that GM's board of directors used company profits not to create new jobs, but to buy already existing assets, such as data processing companies (EDS) and weapons manufacturers (Hughes Aircraft) at inflated prices, and to automate their current assembly lines, and build new plants in Mexico and in Asia -- destroying jobs in the United States in the process. In Mexico, GM pays the worker... ...t be done in work. This man is also upset because the point of unions is to increase the workers strength in bargaining with employers. The union clearly did not help in the case of the GM workers in Flint. Roger & Me is a great documentary film. It captures a lot about our form of capitalism. Moore shows the problems that large capitalist companies make, in a way that appeals to a broad audience. Since it is a real story, it is not telling some story of how things could be or would be, but how things really are. Fred Ross must evict numerous people out of their homes daily so that he has a roof over his head and food for himself. While one half of Flint is receiving some kind of Government Welfare for being unemployed, Roger Smith is giving himself a $2 million raise. In a better world profit maximization would not be the goal of an economic system or a society.

Baldwin and the Nation of Islam Essay examples -- James Baldwin

Baldwin and the Nation of Islam The Nation of Islam impacted many African American people during its time. This Black Muslim nation not only requested, but demanded and required basic teachings which included racial separation, white devilry, and the coming Armageddon. None of these basic teachings supported James Baldwin’s perceptions. It was Baldwin’s view of pitying the white man for their lack of not being able to see through the color line and to embrace differences that whites and blacks held together to create a better, inexorable, and supreme nation. The Nation of Islam felt no pity for the whites or, as they would call them, devils. Neither would the Muslims embrace their differences from other races, but actually want to keep them divided. Although Baldwin is not confident as to where or to whom he belongs to, Baldwin is certain that a black nation separated from all other races will only separate blacks from the future of a better nation and keep them from further developing as a community. Born in Georgia, the leader of the Nation of Islam was a man named Elijah Muhammad. He has often been portrayed as a saint by his peers, but during World War II, Elijah Muhammad expressed support for Japan, on the basis of its being a nonwhite country, and was jailed for sedition. On August 24, 1946 Muhammad was released from prison in Milan, Michigan. According to the journal named The Black Scholar by Claude Clegg, Muhammad’s time at Milan had done more for him than ever before and after his release, Muhammad had unquestionably become â€Å"the premier martyr of the Muslims† (Clegg 49). From his speeches on the radio and in newspapers, Muhammad was also thought of by many people as a fierce man, one of thes... ...munity can arise. Baldwin believes that our own separate houses are burning and asks himself: â€Å"do I really want to be integrated into a burning house?† (Baldwin 340). It has since been time that we all move into the anticipating house down the street, and together we can help make its future grow into a bigger and brighter one. Works Cited Kihss, Peter. â€Å"In Return for Years of Slavery, Four or Five States.† New York Times 23 Apr 1961: 1. Baldwin, James. â€Å"Notes of a Native Son.† 1955 James Baldwin: Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York: Library of America, 1998. 63-84. Kihss, Peter. â€Å"Negro Extremist Groups Step Up Nationalist Drive.† New York Times 1 March 1961: 2. Clegg, Claude Andrew. â€Å"Rebuilding the Nation: The Life and Work of Elijah Muhammad.† 1996 The Black Scholar. Vol. 26 Issue  ¾, 49-59. Baldwin and the Nation of Islam Essay examples -- James Baldwin Baldwin and the Nation of Islam The Nation of Islam impacted many African American people during its time. This Black Muslim nation not only requested, but demanded and required basic teachings which included racial separation, white devilry, and the coming Armageddon. None of these basic teachings supported James Baldwin’s perceptions. It was Baldwin’s view of pitying the white man for their lack of not being able to see through the color line and to embrace differences that whites and blacks held together to create a better, inexorable, and supreme nation. The Nation of Islam felt no pity for the whites or, as they would call them, devils. Neither would the Muslims embrace their differences from other races, but actually want to keep them divided. Although Baldwin is not confident as to where or to whom he belongs to, Baldwin is certain that a black nation separated from all other races will only separate blacks from the future of a better nation and keep them from further developing as a community. Born in Georgia, the leader of the Nation of Islam was a man named Elijah Muhammad. He has often been portrayed as a saint by his peers, but during World War II, Elijah Muhammad expressed support for Japan, on the basis of its being a nonwhite country, and was jailed for sedition. On August 24, 1946 Muhammad was released from prison in Milan, Michigan. According to the journal named The Black Scholar by Claude Clegg, Muhammad’s time at Milan had done more for him than ever before and after his release, Muhammad had unquestionably become â€Å"the premier martyr of the Muslims† (Clegg 49). From his speeches on the radio and in newspapers, Muhammad was also thought of by many people as a fierce man, one of thes... ...munity can arise. Baldwin believes that our own separate houses are burning and asks himself: â€Å"do I really want to be integrated into a burning house?† (Baldwin 340). It has since been time that we all move into the anticipating house down the street, and together we can help make its future grow into a bigger and brighter one. Works Cited Kihss, Peter. â€Å"In Return for Years of Slavery, Four or Five States.† New York Times 23 Apr 1961: 1. Baldwin, James. â€Å"Notes of a Native Son.† 1955 James Baldwin: Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York: Library of America, 1998. 63-84. Kihss, Peter. â€Å"Negro Extremist Groups Step Up Nationalist Drive.† New York Times 1 March 1961: 2. Clegg, Claude Andrew. â€Å"Rebuilding the Nation: The Life and Work of Elijah Muhammad.† 1996 The Black Scholar. Vol. 26 Issue  ¾, 49-59.

Custom Van

Custom Vans, Inc. , specializes in converting standard vans into campers. Depending on the amount of work and customizing to be done, the customizing could cost less than $1,000 to more than $5,000. In less than four years, Tony Rizzo was able to expand his small operation in Gary, Indiana, to other major outlets in Chicago, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, and Detroit. Innovation was the major factor in Tony’s success in converting a small van shop into one of the largest and most profitable custom van operations in the Midwest.Tony seemed to have a special ability to design and develop unique features and devices that were always in high demand by van owners. An example was Shower-Rific, which was developed by Tony only six months after Custom Vans, Inc. , was started. These small showers were completely self-contained, and they could be placed in almost any type of van and in a number of different locations within a van. Shower-Rific was made of fiberglass and contained towel racks, built-in soap and shampoo holders, and a unique plastic door.Each Shower-Rific took 2 gallons of fiberglass and 3 hours of labor to manufacture. Most of the Shower-Rifics were manufactured in Gary in the same warehouse where Custom Vans, Inc. , was founded. The manufacturing plant in Gary could produce 300 Shower-Rifics in a month, but this capacity never seemed to be enough. Custom Van shops in all locations were complaining about not getting enough Shower Rifics, and because Minneapolis was farther away from Gary than the other locations, Tony was always inclined to ship Shower-Rifics to the other locations before Minneapolis.This infuriated the manager of Custom Vans at Minneapolis, and after many heated discussions, Tony decided to start another manufacturing plant for Shower-Rifics at Fort Wayne, Indiana. The manufacturing plant at Fort Wayne could produce 150 Shower-Rifics per month. The manufacturing plant at Fort Wayne was still not able to meet current demand for Shower-Ri fics, and Tony knew that the demand for his unique camper shower would grow rapidly in the next year. After consulting with his lawyer and banker, Tony concluded that he should open two new manufacturing plants as soon as possible.Each plant would have the same capacity as the Fort Wayne manufacturing plant. An initial investigation into possible manufacturing locations was made, and Tony decided that the two new plants should be located in Detroit, Michigan; Rockford, Illinois; or Madison, Wisconsin. Tony knew that selecting the best location for the two new manufacturing plants would be difficult. Transportation costs and demands for the various locations should be important considerations. The Chicago shop was managed by Bill Burch. This Custom Van shop was one of the first established by Tony, and it continued to outperform the other locations.The manufacturing plant at Gary was supplying 200 Shower-Rifics each month, although Bill knew that the demand for the showers in Chicago was 300 units. The transportation cost per unit from Gary was $10, and although the transportation cost from Fort Wayne was double that amount, Bill was always pleading with Tony to get an additional 50 units from the Fort Wayne manufacturer. The two additional manufacturing plants would certainly be able to supply Bill with the additional 100 showers he needed. The transportation costs would, of course, vary, depending on which two locations Tony picked.The transportation cost per shower would be $30 from Detroit, $5 from Rockford, and $10 from Madison. Wilma Jackson, manager of the Custom Van shop in Milwaukee, was the most upset about not getting an adequate supply of showers. She had a demand for 100 units, and at the present time, she was only getting half of this demand from the Fort Wayne manufacturing plant. She could not understand why Tony didn’t ship her all 100 units from Gary. The transportation cost per unit from Gary was only $20, while the transportation cost from Fort Wayne was $30. Wilma was hoping that Tony would select Madison for one of the manufacturing locations.She would be able to get all of the showers needed, and the transportation cost per unit would only be $5. If not Madison, a new plant in Rockford would be able to supply her total needs, but the transportation cost per unit would be twice as much as it would be from Madison. Because the transportation cost per unit from Detroit would be $40, Wilma speculated that even if Detroit became one of the new plants, she would not be getting any units from Detroit. Custom Vans, Inc. , of Minneapolis was managed by Tom Poanski. He was getting 100 showers from the Gary plant. Demand was 150 units.Tom faced the highest transportation costs of all locations. The transportation cost from Gary was $40 per unit. It would cost $10 more if showers were sent from the Fort Wayne location. Tom was hoping that Detroit would not be one of the new plants, as the transportation cost would be $60 per unit. Rockford and Madison would have a cost of $30 and $25, respectively, to ship one shower to Minneapolis. The Detroit shop's position was similar to Milwaukee’s—only getting half of the demand each month. The 100 units that Detroit did receive came directly from the Fort Wayne plant.The transportation cost was only $15 per unit from Fort Wayne, whereas it was $25 from Gary. Dick Lopez, manager of Custom Vans, Inc. , of Detroit, placed the probability of having one of the new plants in Detroit fairly high. The factory would be located across town, and the transportation cost would be only $5 per unit. He could get 150 showers from the new plant in Detroit and the other 50 showers from Fort Wayne. Even if Detroit was not selected, the other two locations were not intolerable. Rockford had a transportation cost per unit of $35, and Madison had a transportation cost of $40.Tony pondered the dilemma of locating the two new plants for several weeks before deciding t o call a meeting of all the managers of the van shops. The decision was complicated, but the objective was clear—to minimize total costs. The meeting was held in Gary, and everyone was present except Wilma. Tony: Thank you for coming. As you know, I have decided to open up two new plants at Rockford, Madison, or Detroit. The two locations, of course, will change our shipping practices, and I sincerely hope that they will supply you with the Shower-Rifics that you have been wanting.I know you could have sold more units, and I want you to know that I am sorry for this situation. Dick: Tony, I have given this situation a lot of consideration, and I feel strongly that at least one of the new plants should be located in Detroit. As you know, I am now only getting half of the showers that I need. My brother, Leon, is very interested in running the plant, and I know he would do a good job. Tom: Dick, I am sure that Leon could do a good job, and I know how difficult it has been since the recent layoffs by the auto industry.Nevertheless, we should be considering total costs and not personalities. I believe that the new plants should be located in Madison and Rockford. I am farther away from the other plants than any other shop, and these locations would significantly reduce transportation costs. Dick: That may be true, but there are other factors. Detroit has one of the largest suppliers of fiberglass, and I have checked prices. A new plant in Detroit would be able to purchase fiberglass for $2 per gallon less than any of the other existing or proposed plants. Tom: At Madison, we have an excellent labor force.This is due primarily to the large number of students attending the University of Madison. These students are hard workers, and they will work for $1 less per hour than the other locations that we are considering. Bill: Calm down, you two. It is obvious that we will not be able to satisfy everyone in locating the new plants. Therefore, I would like to sugge st that we vote on the two best locations. Tony: I don’t think that voting would be a good idea. Wilma was not able to attend, and we should be looking at all of these factors together in some type of logical fashion.